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The ''Twin Cities Zephyr'' was a streamlined passenger train on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (CB&Q). It was the second ''Zephyr'' service introduced by CB&Q after the record-setting Denver–Chicago "dawn to dusk dash" of the ''Pioneer Zephyr'' trainset. The service ended in 1971 with the inauguration of Amtrak. The train competed with the Chicago and North Western's ''Twin Cities 400'' which ceased operation in 1963, and the Milwaukee Road's ''Twin Cities Hiawatha'', which, like the ''Zephyr'', ended with the coming of Amtrak in 1971. The CB&Q trains went west from Chicago to the Mississippi River and along that river to Saint Paul, while the North Western and Milwaukee Road trains traveled via Milwaukee. == History == Two three-car trainsets were delivered in April 1935 and proved too small; a second pair of six-car trains with matching locomotives were ordered as replacements. The new trainsets were put on display before they entered service. The second pair of ''Twin Cities Zephyrs'' entered service on December 18, 1936 as the ''Morning Zephyr'' and the ''Afternoon Zephyr''. On the first run the two trainsets departed Chicago simultaneously on parallel tracks with 44 pairs of twins as a publicity stunt.〔"With 44 pairs of twins as guest passengers, the twin Zephyrs of the Burlington railroad sped into the Union Station yesterday from Aurora and were christened by ..." (pay per view)〕 In 1935 Zephyrs were scheduled to cover between Chicago and St Paul in six and a half hours, later reduced to six hours and 15 minutes.〔Zimmerman, ''Burlington's Zephyrs'', p. 46〕 At first each trainset made one one-way trip a day, but in July 1935 each was making a round trip a day, leaving each terminal at 8:00 AM CST and returning at 10:59 PM. In 1940 the westbound Twin Cities Zephyr took six hours to travel from Chicago to Saint Paul, a start-to-stop average of 71 miles per hour.〔(Heritage from the Gods: Burlington’s new 8 car Twin Zephyrs ), Burlington Route (1940) (time); ( The ''Twin Zephyrs'' ), Streamliner Schedules (mileage)〕 For several years in the 1950s the schedules along the Mississippi from East Dubuque, Illinois to Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin and from Prairie du Chien to La Crosse were the fastest in the world, and in 1964 the ''Morning Zephyr'' had the fastest station-to-station time in the United States between Aurora and Rochelle, Illinois. All three runs were made at over per hour from start to station stop.〔Frailey, ''Twilight of the Great Trains'', p. 100〕 By 1964 the timing from Chicago to Saint Paul had relaxed by only five to ten minutes,〔Frailey, ''Twilight of the Great Trains'', p. 106〕 but by 1970, the last full year of service, the journey took seven hours.〔Frailey, ''Twilight of the Great Trains'', p. 112〕 The Burlington handled five passenger trains each way between Chicago and the Twin Cities, four of them in the daytime: the morning and afternon Zephyrs and the premier trains of the Burlington's two owners, the North Coast Limited of the Northern Pacific Railroad and the Empire Builder of the Great Northern Railway, both of which ran to the West Coast.〔Frailey, ''Twilight of the Great Trains'', p. 106〕 Although the railroad's passenger service as a whole carried more passengers in 1964 than in 1949,〔Fraley, ''Twilight of the Great Trains'', p. 98〕 in the latter year the four daytime trains along the Mississippi all operated at a loss.〔Frailey, p. 108〕 To save money, trains were often consolidated in off-peak times starting in 1960, and eventually the four daytime trains were reduced to two, with the Afternoon Zephyr taking the Empire Builder and North Coast Limited to the Twin Cities, and the Morning Zephyr taking the two trains to Chicago.〔Frailey, pp. 98–100, 104, 112–13〕 The ''Twin Cities Zephyr'' ran for 36 years until 1971 when Amtrak took over most intercity passenger trains in the United States. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Twin Cities Zephyr」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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